Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a long term disease that over time causes disability. The disease involves the gradual destruction of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) by the body's own immune system. What causes the immune system to destroy the Central Nervous System is unknown. MS is considered the most common neurological condition affecting young Australian adults.

White Blood cells (part of the immune system response) move from the bloodstream into the fluid that circulates and nourishes the brain and spinal cord. These cells, actively attack and damage the protective covering over the nerves (Myelin), resulting in the development of scar tissue/sclerotic patches (or plaques). As the nerves become more scarred, electrical impulses are no longer able to travel along them, causing a loss of muscle control and function. The brain can also be affected, resulting in memory loss, behavioural changes and other cognitive symptoms.

MS is progressive, unpredictable and often varies in its severity from one person to another. There is no cure for MS, however current treatments do alter the course of the disease by reducing the frequency, and severity of relapses.